Inhoud
Cognitieve gedragstherapie bij seksuele disfuncties van vrouwen en mannen: een overzicht
Samenvatting
In dit artikel beschrijven we de stand van zaken op het gebied van de behandeling van vrouwelijke en mannelijke seksuele disfuncties met behulp van interventies uit de cognitieve gedragstherapie. De ontwikkeling in de theorievorming wordt besproken, waarbij specifieke leerprocessen als habituatie, klassieke en operante conditionering besproken worden. Ook worden cognitieve determinanten van seksueel gedrag en seksuele opwinding behandeld, in het bijzonder de relatie tussen angst en negatieve stemming en seksuele opwinding, prestatiedruk, en de effecten van aandachtsafleiding en zelfgerichte aandacht. Vervolgens beschrijven we gedragstherapeutische en cognitieve interventies en aandachtspunten bij de assessment ter voorbereiding daarop. De seksuele disfuncties bij vrouwen en mannen worden afzonderlijk besproken, waarbij we beschikbare wetenschappelijke evidentie weergeven en bij sommige disfuncties constateren dat deze nog grotendeels ontbreekt. We besluiten met de vaststelling dat in de afgelopen decennia meer bekend is geworden over psychologische en biologische determinanten van de diverse disfuncties. Er zijn verschillende vormen van CGT ontwikkeld, waarvan de werkzaamheid bij bepaalde typen disfuncties (erectiestoornis, vrouwelijke orgasmestoornis) in gecontroleerd onderzoek meermalen werd aangetoond.
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